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I’ve read several books about critical thinking and skepticism (this one is my favorite). And I’m still amazed by lack of information about this topic in Russian-speaking world. For example:


1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anecdotal_evidence

2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias

3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherry_picking_(fallacy)


These Wikipedia entries describe very important and crucial terms of critical thinking discourse – and they haven’t Russian counterparts. Physics, Maths, Chemistry terms – are all well-established and described in Russian Wikipedia. And I’m afraid this is much bigger problem than just lack of terminology. I believe there is a serious problem with critical/skeptical thinking itself.

Date: 2014-01-08 12:34 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] rukenau.livejournal.com
The whole culture of having a critical view of things is much deeper ingrained in the collective mindset of the westerners than it is here, partly because there is the implicit understanding, almost inborn, that the tradition of intellectual dissent and peer challenge is what makes the person and the community stronger. But even so, the difference is hardly as momentous as to make the game not worth playing; we are all after all prone to the same most basic fallacies regardless of which culture we belong to, contesting or conforming. I do advise you to read Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow, a book about the most common cognitive errors, flaws and biases.

Date: 2014-01-08 12:36 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] pokemone.livejournal.com
we even dont have any good translation of word "fallacy" while for example wikipedia have, say, broad catalog of fallacies
that means, we are lacking the whole concept

Date: 2014-01-08 01:23 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] pokemone.livejournal.com
ХЗ
может не там ищем?

в аспирантуре нам такого не давали, 100%
может поспрашиваю преподавателей по логике, если найду

Date: 2014-01-08 01:43 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] pokemone.livejournal.com
Вики это не кодекс Хаммурапи, можно и дописать :)

Date: 2014-01-08 03:29 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] affidavid.livejournal.com
В английском языке дело еще хуже. В современной литературе термин "Critical thinking" употребляется чаще всего для обозначения повторения мантр прогрессивной идеологии. "Critical" здесь обозначает только критику капитализма.

Date: 2014-01-08 06:13 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] affidavid.livejournal.com
Простите, мы с вами вероятно о каких-то разных critical thinking говорим.


Да, а обозначение одно. Для иллюстрации сходите на http://www.criticalthinking.org/ (http://www.criticalthinking.org/), сразу сразу увидите, что там имеют в виду совершенно не то, что вы написали. Это как со словом "либерал", которое обозначает совершенно противоположное в разных обществах в разное время.

Date: 2014-01-09 02:28 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ursus-globalis.livejournal.com
Good observation, but I’m afraid the reason is the same old well-known one: those damn 70 years.
Most of the time only scientists and artists were privileged enough to afford some critical thinking within their professions.
Sometimes not even that (лысенковщина, кибернетика) – depending on who was in the “office”. They could not take it outside of their fields – the story of Sakharov is the best late example.
No skepticism was ever tolerated (let alone encouraged) outside of the worlds of science/art.
But it looks like it’s “all or nothing” – it does not work well when thinking is only allowed here and there, no critical mass of critical thinkers can be formed this way.

Solzhenitsyn on his exprience:

“……..Видя мою восторженность, он настойчиво и не один раз повторял мне: «Вы — математик, вам грешно забывать Декарта: всё подвергай сомнению! всё подвергай сомнению!» Как это — «всё»? Ну, не всё же! Мне казалось: я и так уж достаточно подверг сомнению, довольно!..”


Date: 2014-01-09 04:44 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] laoxia.livejournal.com
>I’ve read several books about critical thinking and skepticism (this one is my favorite).

то что favorite - читал. а нельзя ли огласить весь список?:)

Date: 2014-01-09 09:48 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] himmelwerft.livejournal.com
I think it is untrue that the Russian counterparts don't exist - absence of Wikipedia entries is not representative. For anecdotal evidence there are even entire proverbs ("He lies like an eye witness" or "One grandma said") which relate specifically to perception psychology and reliability of information sources. Confirmation bias is "предвзятость", a term which is shorter and adequately explaines a whole plethora of situations from political to scientific judgements. Cherry picking is "подгонка", which is frowned upon in natural sciences. Skeptical thinking or skepticism has a well-established tradition in Russian culture and language, but the linguistic evolution path of each language differs slightly. German terms for confirmation bias are far from perfect. In common speech one would rather use something closer to delusion or self-delusion.

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